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American English Grammar
Mood
Learning objectives
  • Learn the definition of mood
  • Study examples of mood
Definition of mood
  • Mood:

    • shows the attitude of the speaker

    • includes the following:

      • indicative mood

        • used to express facts, opinions or to make inquiries

        • the most commonly used mood and is found in all languages

      • imperative mood

        • expresses commands, direct requests, and prohibitions

        • in many circumstances, directly using the imperative mood seems blunt or even rude

      • subjunctive mood

        • also called the conditional mood

        • rarely used except in certain situations

        • has several uses in dependent clauses

        • used when discussing hypothetical or unlikely events, expressing opinions or emotions, or making polite requests

        • often found in complex sentences

        • used after wishing or requesting verbs or to express unreal conditions in dependent clauses

        • typically used in a dependent clause attached to an independent clause containing one of the following verbs: ask, command, demand, insist, order, recommend, require, suggest, wish

        • typically used in a dependent clause attached to an independent clause containing one of the following adjective: crucial, essential, important, imperative, necessary, urgent

        • The present tense subjunctive is formed by dropping the "s" from the end of the third person singular

          • paints-paint, thinks-think, walks-walk, is-be (exception)

        • The past tense subjunctive and the past tense indicative are the same

          • painted-painted, thought-thought, walked-walked, was-were (exception)

Examples of mood
  • indicative mood

    • I paint the house.

    • Jane read the book.

    • I wrote the letter.

  • imperative mood

    • Paint the house.

    • Read the book.

    • Write the letter.

  • subjunctive mood

    • I wish that I had a million dollars.

    • If you had been more motivated, you would have finished your homework.

 
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